A pair of campaign chairs by Ross & Co. Of DublinAny furniture specifically made to break down or fold for ease of travel can be described as campaign furniture. It was designed to be packed up and carried on the march. It has been used by traveling armies since at least the time of but it is commonly associated with British Army officers, many of whom had purchased their commissions. With the rise and expansion of the in the 19th and 20th centuries the demand by the military, administrators and colonists increased. British officers of high social position in the and periods (1714–1901) often carried high-quality portable furniture.The most common item of campaign furniture is the chest of drawers, often referred to as a military chest or campaign chest.
The best sleeping position for your baby. Always put your baby on their back for every sleep, day and night, as the chance of SIDS is particularly high for babies who.
Campaign chests' primary wood was often mahogany, teak, or camphor, although cedar, pine and other woods were also used. The dominant type breaks down into two sections, and has removable feet. The brass corners and offer some protection and typify the distinctive 'campaign look'.A similar type of furniture was made for naval service, and even for merchant ships, which allowed furnishings to be used in port or peacetime, but stowed out of harm's way in action, or during rough weather. Naval furniture is often extremely small, reflecting the cramped quarters available on ship. (Some sea-going pieces were also made for frequent travelers, or intended for permanent use after the journey.) Seagoing furniture sometimes has fiddle rails to prevent items from sliding off top surfaces; the fiddles were often themselves removable, with brass mounting sockets for the fiddle pins.Some items of campaign furniture are instantly recognizable as made to dismantle or fold. Brass caps to the tops of legs, hinges in unusual places, protruding bolts or X-frame legs all give clues to the functionality of the piece. However, some pieces were designed to be up to date and fashionable.
In such cases, as much of it looked like domestic furniture, it is harder to see how it dismantles. Were innovators of campaign furniture design and much of their work is obviously Victorian in period. It only becomes apparent that their balloon back chairs dismantle when they are turned upside down and two locking bolts can be seen.
Anglo Indian Campaign or military chest Examples An old copy of catalogue will show that there was a large variety of items, from portable beds to collapsible candlesticks (also known as Brighton Buns), that were available to ease life for the soldier or traveller by the end of the 19th century.There seemed no limit to the number of items an officer would take with him if he could afford to and how well one's tent was kitted out was perhaps an indication of your social standing. Of noted on 2 February 1858 in his diary, 'Sir baggage &c. A portable games table, packed down into its top which becomes a box caseOne of the other main campaign furniture makers in the 19th century were Ross & Co Dublin who were considered ' The Victorian Army’s Cabinet Maker of Choice.' By the mid-19th century it was possible to buy a complete Barrack Room Outfit from several London firms. More often than not this would consist of a Douro chair with packing case that would convert to a table, a washstand that would pack down into a hip bath, a camp bed and a chest of drawers with packing cases that would form a wardrobe.Demise The beginning of the 20th century saw changes in the way war was conducted. The British had been taught a lesson by the in South Africa who could move quickly and they discovered that their mobile units were not quite as mobile as they had thought.
In 1903, the Secretary of State for War, stated, 'The British Army is a social institution prepared for every emergency except that of war.' The new century also saw developments in transport and the rise of the motor car meant that travel was quicker making it less of a necessity to equip yourself for a long journey. There was a decrease in the demand for campaign furniture.Portable furniture was still used for sporting events and shooting parties but it was less acceptable as an officer to have a large baggage train. Appreciation of the furniture for its practicality in domestic life had grown as the 19th century marched on. Although it still had a market it wasn't as strong as it had once. Many of the independent makers of campaign furniture started to disappear in the early 1900s, superseded by the one stop shops such as and.While personal furniture faded from military use, field desks, field filing systems, medical and maintenance storage systems, and similar portable equipment continue in use until the present day; some show continuity in design.Legacy.
A Paragon Chair c. 1900With campaign furniture by its nature needing to be both sturdy and efficient in its breakdown, it gave rise to good design that was often ahead of it time. A number of chairs that we today consider to be design icons of the 20th century were actually inspired by campaign furniture from the end of the 19th century.The was designed by British Army Engineers stationed at the town of the same name in India. It became instantly popular for its simple but practical construction. Recognised its qualities and he made a version of the Roorkhee called the Safari Chair in 1933.
The Paragon Chair folds down to a very compact size once the canvas seat is removed and the catalogue of 1895 described it as 'the most Portable Chair in the Market'. This chair was first designed by Fenby and patented on 22 March 1877 but it has been re-designed since under different names. Italian officers used a version in Ethiopia in the 1930s which was known as the. In 1940, Jorge Ferrari-Hardoy, Juan Kurchan and Antonia Bonet designed the well known, made of dismantling metal sections and clearly inspired by the Paragon. Made a version called the Hardoy and today the sell a version called the Bush chair.Campaign furniture is evocative of luxurious travel and a time gone.
There is more likely to be an owner's or maker's name on a piece of portable furniture than a domestic version and it is easier to put it into a social context. The appeal of its nature has been picked up on and modern furniture made in a campaign style is produced by a number of makers today. Often, the consideration of portability has not been a factor with the overriding concern being to achieve the look by adding brass corners.
Another group of manufactures have produced direct copies of period campaign furniture seeing that there is still a call for it today be it for safaris or the high-class camper.Good design will always be popular and this, along with many of the original reasons for the popularity of campaign furniture hold true today. It is practical, often versatile and naturally, very easy to move about.References. Retrieved 7 July 2014.Bibliography Wikimedia Commons has media related to. Victorian campaign furniture - furniture used on military campaigns in the 19th century Magazine Antiques, Sept, 2000 by Nicholas A.
Brawer. Camp Furniture of the Victorian Officer - Army Museum '81, Edited by Elizabeth Talbot Rice and Alan Guy. National Army Museum. Exhibition of Travelling and Campaigning Furniture 1790 - 1850, Phillips of Hitchin (Antiques) Ltd, June 1984. Exhibition of Furniture for Travel 1760 - 1860, Phillips of Hitchin (Antiques) Ltd, June 1987. Ross & Co.
Of Dublin: The Victorian Army's Cabinet Maker of Choice, Sean Clarke & Nicholas Brawer, Ireland's Antiques & Period Properties, Vol. 3 Summer/ Autumn 2004. War Cabinets, Amin Jaffer, Country Life December 30, 2004. At Ease Gentlemen: A catalogue of 18th, 19th & early 20th Century Campaign Furniture and Travel Equipment.
Christopher Clarke Antiques, October 2003. The Portable Empire: A catalogue of 18th, 19th & early 20th Century Campaign Furniture and Travel Equipment. Christopher Clarke Antiques, October 2004. Essential Baggage: A catalogue of 18th, 19th & early 20th Century Campaign Furniture and Travel Equipment. Christopher Clarke Antiques, October 2005. Furniture Fit For Heroes: A catalogue of 18th, 19th & early 20th Century Campaign Furniture and travel Equipment.
Christopher Clarke Antiques, October 2006. The Quartermaster General: A catalogue of 18th, 19th & early 20th Century Campaign Furniture and Travel Equipment. Christopher Clarke Antiques, October 2008. Nicholas A. Brawer, 2001. British Campaign Furniture: Elegance Under Canvas, 1740 - 1914.
S. Northcote-Bade, 1971. Colonial Furniture in New Zealand. Yesterday's Shopping: The Army & Navy Stores Catalogue 1907, Introduced by Alison Adburgham, David & Charles Reprints.
Even before the struck, roughly 1 in 6 U.S. Workers, some 26 million people,. Now that number has grown significantly, as states are requiring non-essential employees to.
If you’re one of these people, you may be noticing new aches and pains that you did not experience at the office. That’s because even though it isn’t mandated, many companies follow an ANSI-HFS standard in the design of their computer workstations, furnishing the office with the ergonomic furniture and accessories.Most residential settings, however, simply don’t have the space to accommodate today’s ergonomic office furniture, nor do most people invest in it, especially if they do the bulk of their work in the office. So if you are, it’s likely that you are either using your computer on a regular table or a kitchen countertop, or you are in a lounge chair or on your bed. Wherever you’ve camped out for the day, chances are you aren’t in a healthy posture.
If you do this for only short periods of time, you might not need to worry, but our weeks are turning into months. And even after the pandemic has passed, is likely to remain the norm for millions of workers, as companies learn that certain jobs don’t require the in-office hours they once did. If you are already feeling the physical strain, the bad news is that you may be on the road to a potentially debilitating musculoskeletal injury, such as a bad back, sore neck and shoulders, carpal tunnel syndrome or even a deep vein thrombosis, a condition in which blood clots form in the veins deep in your body. So, what can you do? Spend as much time as you can working in a neutral posture–a comfortable body position where no body part is awkwardly bent or twisted–and periodically move around to promote circulation. For computer work this means paying attention to the following 10 tips: 1. View your computer screen with a straight neck.Put your screen in front of you at a comfortable viewing height.
Don’t look down at your screen, like to a laptop on a table or to your phone. And don’t angle your screen so you must twist your neck–some people like to put their keyboard and mouse in front of them with their screen off to the side, but then they end up dealing with neck pain from the swiveling. If you have a separate screen or if you are using a laptop, you might have to put it on a pile of books or on a cardboard box to raise it to a comfortable viewing position straight in front of you. Put your screen sideways to a bright window.To minimize the chances of visual eye strain from glare or partial retinal adaptation, don’t work with your back to a window, as the light coming in will cause a glare on your screen, and don’t work facing a window, as you’ll be staring into the light. Unless the window has shades or drapes that can be closed, your screen should be perpendicular to the window.
If you are working at a glass table, cover it to prevent reflected glare. View any paper documents with a straight neck.Don’t read from an iPad or papers that are flat on your table or your head will constantly have to move up and down. If you need to go back and forth between a laptop or computer screen and separate reading material, use a vertical document holder or put iPad on a stand. Put your keyboard and mouse or touchpad at a comfortable height in front of you.If your laptop has been raised to get your screen to the right level, then use a separate keyboard and mouse.
Make sure you can use the keyboard and mouse with your forearms and hands level and straight, and make sure your arm is close to the side of your body when you use a mouse. The nerves in the hand leave the neck and run down through the shoulder, elbow and wrist. When your arm is at your side, the nerves aren’t being compressed, but the more you stretch it out to the side, but greater chance you have of straining your neck or shoulder.
Alternate between typing/mousing and using voice input.Voice recognition is good for most text and emails. This gives your arms, wrists and hands time to rest. Sit back in your chair.Don’t try to sit upright and don’t hunch forward in your chair like a turtle. Your lower back curves in toward your belly. This is called lordosis, and it is the most relaxed posture for the lower back and puts the least pressure on the intervertebral discs in that region.
When you lean forward, the lumbar spine bends out, called kyphosis, and that puts a lot of pressure on the intervertebral lumbar discs. So you want to sit in a way that the natural lordotic curve of your lumbar spine is supported.
Make sure that you can sit back in your chair so some of your body weight is being supported by the chair back and sit close enough to comfortably reach your keyboard and mouse. If the chair does not have good lower-back support, use a cushion or rolled-up towel behind your lower back. It’s a cheap and less effective substitute for an ergonomic chair, but it’s better than nothing. When sitting, rest your feet flat on either the floor or a foot support.If your feet don’t reach the floor, use a box, pile of books, cushion or footrest. Don’t pull your feet back underneath the chair or let them dangle in the air–this puts pressure under the thighs, restricts blood flow to your lower legs and feet and increases your risk of a deep vein thrombosis. Limit the time you work on your bed.A bed is even worse for you than a chair, because unless you sit on the side of the bed, your legs will be crossed or extended horizontally, acting as support for your laptop.
That’s too low for optimal screen viewing, so you’ll have to hunch over. If a bed is your only option, put a pillow behind your back to rest against the headboard and put your laptop on a cushion in your lap. Or get a low table for the laptop to go over your legs so you can type at a comfortable height without straining your neck. Avoid prolonged standing for computer work.The existence of standing desks makes many people believe standing is a better option for their bodies–and it’s true that it’s not healthy to remain sedentary all day–but ergonomists have long recognized that standing to work requires more energy than sitting and puts greater strain on the circulatory system and on the legs and feet. For men with ischemic heart disease, it’s been linked to the progression of carotid atherosclerosis. Standing for extended periods of time also increases the risks of varicose veins. Stand and walk around to make or take phone calls.
Every 20 to 30 minutes stand, stretch and move around for a minute or two to promote circulation and relax muscles. Walk to get a glass of water or make tea or coffee. But don’t try to work for hours on end standing up.
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